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Dementia Care Tips - Have you heard of Sundowning?

Updated: 2025-10-31 16:05:02

Understanding Sundowning in Dementia

Caring for someone with dementia comes with unique challenges, and one of the most distressing can be “sundowning.” This term describes a pattern of increased confusion, agitation, and restlessness that typically occurs in the late afternoon and evening. At Sarnia Carers CI, we believe that understanding sundowning is the first step to supporting both clients and their families with compassion and expertise.


What is Sundowning?

Sundowning refers to a noticeable increase in agitation, restlessness, and confusion in people living with dementia, especially from late afternoon through the night.
This behaviour is linked to changes in areas of the brain that affect the internal body clock, making it harder for individuals to distinguish between day and night.


Causes and Risk Factors

Sundowning is more common in people in the mid to late stages of dementia. Several factors can increase the risk:

  • Disrupted sleep patterns: Poor sleep or frequent waking can make symptoms worse.
  • High stress or anxiety: Changes in routine or new environments can increase confusion.
  • Co-existing conditions: Depression, chronic pain, and other health issues can contribute.
  • Hormonal changes: Elevated cortisol levels (the stress hormone) can heighten anxiety and agitation, while increased adrenaline may lead to pacing or aggression.

Strategies to Prevent or Reduce Sundowning

While sundowning can be challenging, there are practical steps carers and families can take to help:

1. Person-Centred Care

Tailor care plans to each individual’s habits, preferences, and calming strategies. Knowing what soothes or unsettles someone can make a big difference.

2. Communication

Use a soft, reassuring tone, simple language, and non-verbal cues like a gentle touch or eye contact to provide comfort and reduce anxiety.

3. Environment

Create a calm, comfortable environment by adjusting lighting, reducing noise, and sticking to consistent routines. Dimming lights gradually in the evening can help signal that it’s time to wind down.

4. Practical Tips

Encourage time outdoors and regular movement during the day. A balanced diet and regular medication reviews with healthcare professionals can also help manage symptoms.

5. Emotional and Sensory Support

Engage in meaningful activities, such as listening to favourite music, gentle hand massage, or aromatherapy with calming scents like lavender.

Supporting Families & Carers

At Sarnia Carers CI, our approach is rooted in person-centred care and understanding the unique needs of each client. If you have concerns about sundowning or need support, our experienced team is here to help.


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